授予，给予

grant  [grɑ:nt] vt.授予，同意，准予n.拨款，授予物 

granted the right to all citizens. 给予所有公民选举权 

confer [kəәnˈfəә:]vi.商谈，商议 vt.(on)授予，赋予 

conferred a medal on the hero; conferred an honorary degree on her. 

award  [əә'wɔ:d]   v.授予, 给予, 判给n.奖品, 奖  

The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work). 

issue [ˈiʃu:, ˈisju:] v.（to sb）将某物发给﹑ 供给或分配给某人使用  

形成，制定 

develop  [diˈveləәp]vt.形成，制订;发展；产生vi.生长；发展 

form [fɔ:m]n.形式；外形；表格 v.形(构)成，产生 

fashion [ˈfæʃ(əә)n]v.形成，制定n.方式；流行款式，时新式样，时装 

Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.   

保证  

ensure  [inˈʃuəә]vt.保证，担保，确保 

We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way. 

assure [əәˈʃuəә]vt.使确信，使放心；确保，保证给 

He assured me that he had finished.  

guarantee [ˌgærəәnˈti:]vt.保证，担保 n.保证，保证书 

The rain guarantees a good crop this year. 

Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information