零基础英语：形容词、副词比较级和最高级

比较级、最高级构成方式：

A．adj / adv + er / est

poor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest

B．词尾e + r / st

large→larger→largest fine→finer→finest

C．重读闭音节中短元音 + 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾 + er / est.

big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest

D．辅音 + y→i + er / est

dry→drier→driest angry→angrier→angriest

E．多音节形容词及副词：

more + adj / adv most + adj / adv

F．不规则变化：

good / well→better→best bad / ill→worse→worst

many / much→more→most little→less→least

late→later→ / latest

late→latter→last

far→farther→farthest

far→further→furthest
 

【例】

比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句：

He looks stronger than I (do).

The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.

My Schoolbag is larger than hers.

The book is much more interesting than that one.

要点：两个相比较的主语必须相对应。

It is getting colder and colder.

She is becoming more and more beautiful

要点：两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起，表示“越来越……”。

The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be.

The earlier we start, the sooner we'll get there.

要点：这种句型结构表示“越……越……”。

I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.

Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.

要点：二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest.

 

最高级与比较级：

三者或三者以上进行比较，“the + 形容词 / 副词est”。

(1) John is the tallest of the three.

He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）

This is the most difficult book I've read.

(2) He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）

She is younger than all the other students.